Typophile

Stability and dazzle in letters

William Berkson

Here is an illustration from Letterletter by Gerrit Noordzij.



I may not have the proportions of the white squares to the black exact.

The idea is that when you look at this your brain does a 'gestalt switch' between seeing white squares against black one moment, and a framed cross the next.

Noordzij says "Real characters have built-in stabilizers that keep black shapes in the forground". In other words, they avoid the dazzle in this illustration.

I am interested in what you experienced type designers think of the problem of avoiding dazzle, particularly in text faces.

First of all, do you think Noordzij has it right? Is getting type to rest on the page a matter of balancing white and black? And what are your thoughts on doing it?

What would make me question whether the black/white balance is all of the story is the to me undesirable dazzle in many of the 'didone' class of type in small sizes. It seems like part of the story is just the thinness of the lines.

I was recently struck by how well Kent Lew's new face, Whitman, 'rests' on the page, at least judged by the samples on the internet. I am interested in how he and others have approached this problem.

Excellent topic, William. A typeface that dazzles is Vendome,
which is why I use it so successfully for display, but never text.
But I'm afraid I can't explain exactly why it dazzles, other
than the sharp serifs.

I think GN is totally right about the centrality of balancing the Black and White. I call it notan (a Japanese term). Ironically, notan is the reason his theories of type design don't make sense!

> "Real characters have built-in stabilizers that keep black shapes in the forground"

There is no foreground (at least not during immersive reading). We read notan, the balance, not the Black and White separately.

The relevance of notan to type design is complex, because we have to design "firm" atomic blacks, but half the whites (the sidebearings) exist on a more abstract level (since they only work in pairs). OpenType actually allows us to equalize the treatment of Black and White (by designing entire words which would get swapped in contextually), but I don't see many people doing that...

hhp

BTW, here's a nice little notan example from a book I have:

http://www.themicrofoundry.com/other/notanrocks.gif

hhp

Thanks, Hrant. Very interesting. I hadn't thought of symmetry as a factor.

I am hoping that this will lure some others as well into spilling secrets of 'notan'. As well as Kent Lew's accomplishment, mentioned above, James Montalbano's Clearview seems to be an example where this was thought out carefully.

He notes on his website that the typeface is designed to reduce 'halation' experienced by older drivers looking at lighted signs at night.

What is this about?

For myself, I think that fineness of lines and points can create dazzle, as well as evenly spaced parallel lines. I think there are psycho-optical effects going on that affect comfort in reading, but they do seem to be complex.

> Montalbano ... notes on his website that ....

He is in fact is a clear proponent of notan (although he probably calls it something else) based on something he's stated once or twice: that he modifies the black of a letter based on what might be called its "potential" spacing. Granted, many type designers do that, but not all, and not all who think they're good...

hhp

Captured from web.archive.org on 29 Aug 2008. view this capture